Drug and alcohol addiction is a global issue which can be addressed using architectural interventions. The study of emerging trends in the design of drug and alcohol addicts is set to determine design considerations for the functional goals of buildings and fulfilling the unique emotional needs of patients with operational efficiency top of mind. This study is in line with Vision 2030 which is geared towards achieving Universal Healthcare under the Big 4 Agenda. Architecture and medicine are both dynamic. The treatment and rehabilitation techniques used in the past do not necessarily conform to current approved treatment. This study seeks to investigate design trends over the past 50 years in purpose built centres.

Buildings should be more flexible, accessible and convey an expression of diversity. This promotes quality of life. Several design parameters have been put on the scale where their need and efficiency have been measured. The design parameters analysed include: master planning, form, materiality, fenestrations, spatial analysis and outdoor spaces.

This research was conducted through a fieldwork study which involved different data collection techniques such as observation, interviews and measured drawings. This study has been analysed and presented using sketches, narratives, maps, tables, charts and photographs.

This study outlines findings from four case studies: two international (Belmont Community Rehabilitation Centre and Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal) and two local (Tabaka Mission Hospital and The Retreat Redhill Rehabilitation Centre). The analysis of the findings have been guided by the aforementioned design parameters. The findings show that there has to be an understanding of the users and how to create a suitable healing environment. Rehabilitation centres should be planned and organised in a somewhat unique manner which guarantees security but does not give a feeling of confinement. Local materials which have acoustic properties are ideal to use in such facilities. This reduces the carbon footprint and cost of maintenance. Spaces should be zoned in order of privacy with the public spaces closer to the entrance and private spaces further away. Outdoor spaces have a therapeutic feel and should be well designed with appropriate street furniture for the users.

Based on the research findings, the author identified the emerging trends in the design of rehabilitation centres for alcohol and drug addicts and recommended relevant guidelines for improving rehabilitation centres in Kenya.